Raptors - Renesting and Reuniting

Background Information

Raptor nests vary greatly in appearance and location depending on the species, but most make stick nests or stick platforms off the ground in trees or on cliffs. Some (including owls and kestrels) also use holes in trees or cliffs for their nests. As humans continue to build on natural land, birds may also nest on man-made structures like buildings or bridges.

Raptor parents leave their babies alone for up to four hours at a time while out hunting for food. Most young raptors “branch,” meaning they leave their nest and stay on branches nearby while they finish growing. Less commonly, the young remain in the nest until fully grown and capable of flight.

Bird Age and Type

Before you begin the renesting or reuniting effort, please use the information below to confirm the bird's species and age. Below are just two examples to help you identify common traits of raptors, but the bird you found may look different.

Raptors are easily distinguished from other birds because they have a short, hooked beak and long, sharp talons on their feet. Please be sure to read the safe handling instructions before handling any raptor (Box 1).

Confirm the bird is young (rather than an injured adult) by looking for fluffy feathers (known as “down”).. As the bird ages, the amount of fluffy down feathers decreases. By the time all the down is gone, the bird should be able to fly. If the bird in question has no down feathers and you were able to catch them, they are likely an injured or sick adult. We recommend bringing injured adult birds to Project Wildlife for evaluation and potential rehabilitation (Box 2).

Age Determination

Estimate the bird’s age by choosing the closest description, then follow the correct reuniting or renesting instructions below.

Health Check

Reunite reasonably healthy babies only. The parents won’t return for a sick baby or be able to help them recover. 

Check for the following:

• Significant injury (the bird has broken bones, deep cuts or a drooping wing, or is non-responsive, gasping, limping or bleeding)
• Signs of illness (cold to the touch, falling over, discharge from eyes or nose, crusty eyes) 
• Seen attacked by a cat (or other animal)
• Mites or lice all over their body
• Ant, fly or maggot infestation on the bird or in the nest

We recommend bringing any baby with these symptoms to Project Wildlife for evaluation and potential rehabilitation (See Box 2). Minor scratches or bruises are not cause for concern unless known to be caused by a cat attack.

Timeline

With the exception of owls, reunite raptors during the daytime when parents are active. Reunite owls at dusk or during the nighttime when parents are active. If you picked up and kept the bird for 12 hours (at the time of day when parents would be active) AND no other babies remain outside, we recommend bringing the bird to Project Wildlife for evaluation and potential rehabilitation (See Box 2).

Renesting and Monitoring Netslings

Renesting raptors successfully can be difficult. We recommend placing nestlings in a box with air holes and calling Project Wildlife as soon as possible for further guidance (Box 2).

Reuniting and Monitoring Fledglings

1. 1. If the area is safe, return or leave fledglings at the location where they were found. Fledglings leave the nest and move around branches in their nest tree and occasionally fall to the ground. If you see a fledgling on the ground, place them on a branch in their nest tree (or nest ledge).  Some species of raptors (mostly owls) can climb trees at 3-4 weeks of age, so it’s not uncommon for them to move to different trees in the nesting area.
2. Monitor the fledgling. Observe the fledgling continuously for four hours from a distance. Remember, the parents will not return if you or other animals are too close. We recommend using a camera, computer or similar device to monitor the nest if possible. In the case of nocturnal raptors (owls), please be sure your monitoring time starts when the parents are active at night.
3. Review the footage or observe from a distance to see if the parents come to the nest or the fledgling. If you observe this, the reunion is successful! If you do not see the parents, check on the baby. If they are still doing OK, you can give the parents another four hours.

If the parents don’t return to the baby within eight hours or the baby’s condition is worsening, we recommend bringing the bird to Project Wildlife for evaluation and potential rehabilitation (See Box 2).